1. Causes and Symptoms:

• Vestibular disorders arise from dysfunction or damage to the vestibular system, which includes the inner ear and its connections to the brain.
• Common causes include inner ear infections, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), Meniere’s disease, vestibular neuritis, and vestibular migraine.
• Symptoms may vary but often include dizziness, vertigo (a sensation of spinning), imbalance, nausea, and visual disturbances.

2. Evaluation and Diagnosis:

• Diagnosis of vestibular disorders typically involves a comprehensive evaluation by a healthcare professional, which may include a medical history review, physical examination, and specialized vestibular tests.
• Vestibular function tests, such as electronystagmography (ENG), videonystagmography (VNG), or vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP), help assess the function of the inner ear and central vestibular pathways.
• Accurate diagnosis is essential for developing an appropriate treatment plan tailored to the specific type and severity of the vestibular disorder.

3. Treatment and Management:

• Treatment strategies for vestibular disorders aim to alleviate symptoms, improve balance, and enhance quality of life.
• Depending on the underlying cause, treatment may include vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT), which involves exercises to promote central compensation and adaptation to vestibular dysfunction.
• Medications to alleviate symptoms such as nausea or vertigo, dietary modifications for conditions like Meniere’s disease, and surgical interventions for certain cases may also be considered in the management of vestibular disorders.